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I2C LCD

Poniżej postaram się opisać w skrócie bibliotekę do obsługi wyświetlacza LCD opartego o kontroler HD44780 sterowanego przez szeregową magistralę I2C wykorzystującą przejściówkę opartą o rejestr szeregowy PCF8574 której używam w środowisku Atmel Studio 7. Poniżej załączam linki do plików bibliotek które można pobrać do wykorzystania.

I2C_LCD.h

Konfiguracja podstawowych parametrów:

#define PCF8574_ADDRBASE (0x27) //device base address

#define PCF8574_MAXDEVICES 1 //max devices, depends on address (3 bit)

#define PCF8574_MAXPINS 8 //max pin per device

#define LCD_DATA0_PIN 4 /**< pin for 4bit data bit 0 */
#define LCD_DATA1_PIN 5 /**< pin for 4bit data bit 1 */
#define LCD_DATA2_PIN 6 /**< pin for 4bit data bit 2 */
#define LCD_DATA3_PIN 7 /**< pin for 4bit data bit 3 */
#define LCD_RS_PIN 0 /**< pin for RS line */
#define LCD_RW_PIN 1 /**< pin for RW line */
#define LCD_E_PIN 2 /**< pin for Enable line */
#define LCD_LED_PIN 3 /**< pin for Led */

Podstawowe funkcje:

 lcd_init();

lcd_clrscr();

lcd_home();

lcd_gotoxy();

lcd_led();

lcd_putc();

lcd_puts();

lcd_puts_p();

lcd_command();

lcd_data();

 

 

 Poniżej przedstawiono pełen kod biblioteki. Biblioteka przetestowana na Atmega8 w środowisku Atmel Studio 7.

 

//********************************************** #include <compat/twi.h> #ifndef LCD_H #define LCD_H #ifndef PCF8574_H_ #define PCF8574_H_ #ifndef _I2CMASTER_H #define _I2CMASTER_H #define lcd_e_delay() __asm__ __volatile__( "rjmp 1f\n 1:" ); #define lcd_e_toggle() toggle_e() #if LCD_LINES==1 #define LCD_FUNCTION_DEFAULT LCD_FUNCTION_4BIT_1LINE #else #define LCD_FUNCTION_DEFAULT LCD_FUNCTION_4BIT_2LINES #endif #define LCD_PCF8574_INIT 1 //init pcf8574 #define LCD_PCF8574_DEVICEID 0 //device id, addr = pcf8574 base addr + LCD_PCF8574_DEVICEID /** * @name Definitions for Display Size * Change these definitions to adapt setting to your display */ #define LCD_LINES 2 /**< number of visible lines of the display */ #define LCD_DISP_LENGTH 16 /**< visibles characters per line of the display */ #define LCD_LINE_LENGTH 0x40 /**< internal line length of the display */ #define LCD_START_LINE1 0x00 /**< DDRAM address of first char of line 1 */ #define LCD_START_LINE2 0x40 /**< DDRAM address of first char of line 2 */ #define LCD_START_LINE3 0x10 /**< DDRAM address of first char of line 3 */ #define LCD_START_LINE4 0x50 /**< DDRAM address of first char of line 4 */ #define LCD_WRAP_LINES 1 /**< 0: no wrap, 1: wrap at end of visibile line */ #define LCD_DATA0_PIN 4 /**< pin for 4bit data bit 0 */ #define LCD_DATA1_PIN 5 /**< pin for 4bit data bit 1 */ #define LCD_DATA2_PIN 6 /**< pin for 4bit data bit 2 */ #define LCD_DATA3_PIN 7 /**< pin for 4bit data bit 3 */ #define LCD_RS_PIN 0 /**< pin for RS line */ #define LCD_RW_PIN 1 /**< pin for RW line */ #define LCD_E_PIN 2 /**< pin for Enable line */ #define LCD_LED_PIN 3 /**< pin for Led */ /** * @name Definitions for LCD command instructions * The constants define the various LCD controller instructions which can be passed to the * function lcd_commandx(), see HD44780 data sheet for a complete description. */ /* instruction register bit positions, see HD44780U data sheet */ #define LCD_CLR 0 /* DB0: clear display */ #define LCD_HOME 1 /* DB1: return to home position */ #define LCD_ENTRY_MODE 2 /* DB2: set entry mode */ #define LCD_ENTRY_INC 1 /* DB1: 1=increment, 0=decrement */ #define LCD_ENTRY_SHIFT 0 /* DB2: 1=display shift on */ #define LCD_ON 3 /* DB3: turn lcd/cursor on */ #define LCD_ON_DISPLAY 2 /* DB2: turn display on */ #define LCD_ON_CURSOR 1 /* DB1: turn cursor on */ #define LCD_ON_BLINK 0 /* DB0: blinking cursor ? */ #define LCD_MOVE 4 /* DB4: move cursor/display */ #define LCD_MOVE_DISP 3 /* DB3: move display (0-> cursor) ? */ #define LCD_MOVE_RIGHT 2 /* DB2: move right (0-> left) ? */ #define LCD_FUNCTION 5 /* DB5: function set */ #define LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT 4 /* DB4: set 8BIT mode (0->4BIT mode) */ #define LCD_FUNCTION_2LINES 3 /* DB3: two lines (0->one line) */ #define LCD_FUNCTION_10DOTS 2 /* DB2: 5x10 font (0->5x7 font) */ #define LCD_CGRAM 6 /* DB6: set CG RAM address */ #define LCD_DDRAM 7 /* DB7: set DD RAM address */ #define LCD_BUSY 7 /* DB7: LCD is busy */ /* set entry mode: display shift on/off, dec/inc cursor move direction */ #define LCD_ENTRY_DEC 0x04 /* display shift off, dec cursor move dir */ #define LCD_ENTRY_DEC_SHIFT 0x05 /* display shift on, dec cursor move dir */ #define LCD_ENTRY_INC_ 0x06 /* display shift off, inc cursor move dir */ #define LCD_ENTRY_INC_SHIFT 0x07 /* display shift on, inc cursor move dir */ /* display on/off, cursor on/off, blinking char at cursor position */ #define LCD_DISP_OFF 0x08 /* display off */ #define LCD_DISP_ON 0x0C /* display on, cursor off */ #define LCD_DISP_ON_BLINK 0x0D /* display on, cursor off, blink char */ #define LCD_DISP_ON_CURSOR 0x0E /* display on, cursor on */ #define LCD_DISP_ON_CURSOR_BLINK 0x0F /* display on, cursor on, blink char */ /* move cursor/shift display */ #define LCD_MOVE_CURSOR_LEFT 0x10 /* move cursor left (decrement) */ #define LCD_MOVE_CURSOR_RIGHT 0x14 /* move cursor right (increment) */ #define LCD_MOVE_DISP_LEFT 0x18 /* shift display left */ #define LCD_MOVE_DISP_RIGHT 0x1C /* shift display right */ /* function set: set interface data length and number of display lines */ #define LCD_FUNCTION_4BIT_1LINE 0x20 /* 4-bit interface, single line, 5x7 dots */ #define LCD_FUNCTION_4BIT_2LINES 0x28 /* 4-bit interface, dual line, 5x7 dots */ #define LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT_1LINE 0x30 /* 8-bit interface, single line, 5x7 dots */ #define LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT_2LINES 0x38 /* 8-bit interface, dual line, 5x7 dots */ #define LCD_MODE_DEFAULT ((1<<LCD_ENTRY_MODE) | (1<<LCD_ENTRY_INC) ) #define PCF8574_ADDRBASE (0x27) //device base address #define PCF8574_I2CINIT 1 //init i2c #define PCF8574_MAXDEVICES 1 //max devices, depends on address (3 bit) #define PCF8574_MAXPINS 8 //max pin per device volatile uint8_t dataport = 0; /* define CPU frequency in hz here if not defined in Makefile */ #ifndef F_CPU #define F_CPU 16000000UL #endif /* I2C clock in Hz */ #define SCL_CLOCK 100000L /** defines the data direction (reading from I2C device) in i2c_start(),i2c_rep_start() */ #define I2C_READ 1 /** defines the data direction (writing to I2C device) in i2c_start(),i2c_rep_start() */ #define I2C_WRITE 0 /** @brief initialize the I2C master interace. Need to be called only once @return none */ extern void i2c_init(void); /** @brief Terminates the data transfer and releases the I2C bus @return none */ extern void i2c_stop(void); /** @brief Issues a start condition and sends address and transfer direction @param addr address and transfer direction of I2C device @retval 0 device accessible @retval 1 failed to access device */ extern unsigned char i2c_start(unsigned char addr); /** @brief Issues a repeated start condition and sends address and transfer direction @param addr address and transfer direction of I2C device @retval 0 device accessible @retval 1 failed to access device */ extern unsigned char i2c_rep_start(unsigned char addr); /** @brief Issues a start condition and sends address and transfer direction If device is busy, use ack polling to wait until device ready @param addr address and transfer direction of I2C device @return none */ extern void i2c_start_wait(unsigned char addr); /** @brief Send one byte to I2C device @param data byte to be transfered @retval 0 write successful @retval 1 write failed */ extern unsigned char i2c_write(unsigned char data); /** @brief read one byte from the I2C device, request more data from device @return byte read from I2C device */ extern unsigned char i2c_readAck(void); /** @brief read one byte from the I2C device, read is followed by a stop condition @return byte read from I2C device */ extern unsigned char i2c_readNak(void); /** @brief read one byte from the I2C device Implemented as a macro, which calls either @ref i2c_readAck or @ref i2c_readNak @param ack 1 send ack, request more data from device
0 send nak, read is followed by a stop condition @return byte read from I2C device */ extern unsigned char i2c_read(unsigned char ack); #define i2c_read(ack) (ack) ? i2c_readAck() : i2c_readNak(); /**@}*/ #endif //functions void pcf8574_init(); extern int8_t pcf8574_getoutput(uint8_t deviceid); extern int8_t pcf8574_getoutputpin(uint8_t deviceid, uint8_t pin); extern int8_t pcf8574_setoutput(uint8_t deviceid, uint8_t data); extern int8_t pcf8574_setoutputpins(uint8_t deviceid, uint8_t pinstart, uint8_t pinlength, int8_t data); extern int8_t pcf8574_setoutputpin(uint8_t deviceid, uint8_t pin, uint8_t data); extern int8_t pcf8574_setoutputpinhigh(uint8_t deviceid, uint8_t pin); extern int8_t pcf8574_setoutputpinlow(uint8_t deviceid, uint8_t pin); extern int8_t pcf8574_getinput(uint8_t deviceid); extern int8_t pcf8574_getinputpin(uint8_t deviceid, uint8_t pin); #endif /** * @name Functions */ /** @brief Initialize display and select type of cursor @param dispAttr \b LCD_DISP_OFF display off\n \b LCD_DISP_ON display on, cursor off\n \b LCD_DISP_ON_CURSOR display on, cursor on\n \b LCD_DISP_ON_CURSOR_BLINK display on, cursor on flashing @return none */ extern void lcd_init(uint8_t dispAttr); /** @brief Clear display and set cursor to home position @param void @return none */ extern void lcd_clrscr(void); /** @brief Set cursor to home position @param void @return none */ extern void lcd_home(void); /** @brief Set cursor to specified position @param x horizontal position\n (0: left most position) @param y vertical position\n (0: first line) @return none */ extern void lcd_gotoxy(uint8_t x, uint8_t y); /** @brief Set illumination pin @param void @return none */ extern void lcd_led(uint8_t onoff); /** @brief Display character at current cursor position @param c character to be displayed @return none */ extern void lcd_putc(char c); /** @brief Display string without auto linefeed @param s string to be displayed @return none */ extern void lcd_puts(const char *s); /** @brief Display string from program memory without auto linefeed @param s string from program memory be be displayed @return none @see lcd_puts_P */ extern void lcd_puts_p(const char *progmem_s); /** @brief Send LCD controller instruction command @param cmd instruction to send to LCD controller, see HD44780 data sheet @return none */ extern void lcd_command(uint8_t cmd); /** @brief Send data byte to LCD controller Similar to lcd_putc(), but without interpreting LF @param data byte to send to LCD controller, see HD44780 data sheet @return none */ extern void lcd_data(uint8_t data); /** @brief macros for automatically storing string constant in program memory */ #define lcd_puts_P(__s) lcd_puts_p(PSTR(__s)) /*@}*/ #endif //LCD_H /* ** function prototypes */ /************************************************************************* Initialization of the I2C bus interface. Need to be called only once *************************************************************************/ void i2c_init(void) { /* initialize TWI clock: 100 kHz clock, TWPS = 0 => prescaler = 1 */ TWSR = 0; /* no prescaler */ TWBR = ((F_CPU/SCL_CLOCK)-16)/2; /* must be > 10 for stable operation */ }/* i2c_init */ /************************************************************************* Issues a start condition and sends address and transfer direction. return 0 = device accessible, 1= failed to access device *************************************************************************/ unsigned char i2c_start(unsigned char address) { uint8_t twst; // send START condition TWCR = (1<<TWINT) | (1<<TWSTA) | (1<<TWEN); // wait until transmission completed while(!(TWCR & (1<<TWINT))); // check value of TWI Status Register. Mask prescaler bits. twst = TW_STATUS & 0xF8; if ( (twst != TW_START) && (twst != TW_REP_START)) return 1; // send device address TWDR = address; TWCR = (1<<TWINT) | (1<<TWEN); // wail until transmission completed and ACK/NACK has been received while(!(TWCR & (1<<TWINT))); // check value of TWI Status Register. Mask prescaler bits. twst = TW_STATUS & 0xF8; if ( (twst != TW_MT_SLA_ACK) && (twst != TW_MR_SLA_ACK) ) return 1; return 0; }/* i2c_start */ /************************************************************************* Issues a start condition and sends address and transfer direction. If device is busy, use ack polling to wait until device is ready Input: address and transfer direction of I2C device *************************************************************************/ void i2c_start_wait(unsigned char address) { uint8_t twst; while ( 1 ) { // send START condition TWCR = (1<<TWINT) | (1<<TWSTA) | (1<<TWEN); // wait until transmission completed while(!(TWCR & (1<<TWINT))); // check value of TWI Status Register. Mask prescaler bits. twst = TW_STATUS & 0xF8; if ( (twst != TW_START) && (twst != TW_REP_START)) continue; // send device address TWDR = address; TWCR = (1<<TWINT) | (1<<TWEN); // wail until transmission completed while(!(TWCR & (1<<TWINT))); // check value of TWI Status Register. Mask prescaler bits. twst = TW_STATUS & 0xF8; if ( (twst == TW_MT_SLA_NACK )||(twst ==TW_MR_DATA_NACK) ) { /* device busy, send stop condition to terminate write operation */ TWCR = (1<<TWINT) | (1<<TWEN) | (1<<TWSTO); // wait until stop condition is executed and bus released while(TWCR & (1<<TWSTO)); continue; } //if( twst != TW_MT_SLA_ACK) return 1; break; } }/* i2c_start_wait */ /************************************************************************* Issues a repeated start condition and sends address and transfer direction Input: address and transfer direction of I2C device Return: 0 device accessible 1 failed to access device *************************************************************************/ unsigned char i2c_rep_start(unsigned char address) { return i2c_start( address ); }/* i2c_rep_start */ /************************************************************************* Terminates the data transfer and releases the I2C bus *************************************************************************/ void i2c_stop(void) { /* send stop condition */ TWCR = (1<<TWINT) | (1<<TWEN) | (1<<TWSTO); // wait until stop condition is executed and bus released while(TWCR & (1<<TWSTO)); }/* i2c_stop */ /************************************************************************* Send one byte to I2C device Input: byte to be transfered Return: 0 write successful 1 write failed *************************************************************************/ unsigned char i2c_write( unsigned char data ) { uint8_t twst; // send data to the previously addressed device TWDR = data; TWCR = (1<<TWINT) | (1<<TWEN); // wait until transmission completed while(!(TWCR & (1<<TWINT))); // check value of TWI Status Register. Mask prescaler bits twst = TW_STATUS & 0xF8; if( twst != TW_MT_DATA_ACK) return 1; return 0; }/* i2c_write */ /************************************************************************* Read one byte from the I2C device, request more data from device Return: byte read from I2C device *************************************************************************/ unsigned char i2c_readAck(void) { TWCR = (1<<TWINT) | (1<<TWEN) | (1<<TWEA); while(!(TWCR & (1<<TWINT))); return TWDR; }/* i2c_readAck */ /************************************************************************* Read one byte from the I2C device, read is followed by a stop condition Return: byte read from I2C device *************************************************************************/ unsigned char i2c_readNak(void) { TWCR = (1<<TWINT) | (1<<TWEN); while(!(TWCR & (1<<TWINT))); return TWDR; }/* i2c_readNak */ //pin status volatile uint8_t pcf8574_pinstatus[PCF8574_MAXDEVICES]; /* * initialize */ void pcf8574_init() { #if PCF8574_I2CINIT == 1 //init i2c i2c_init(); _delay_us(10); #endif //reset the pin status uint8_t i = 0; for(i=0; i<PCF8574_MAXDEVICES; i++) pcf8574_pinstatus[i] = 0; } /* * get output status */ int8_t pcf8574_getoutput(uint8_t deviceid) { int8_t data = -1; if((deviceid >= 0 && deviceid < PCF8574_MAXDEVICES)) { data = pcf8574_pinstatus[deviceid]; } return data; } /* * get output pin status */ int8_t pcf8574_getoutputpin(uint8_t deviceid, uint8_t pin) { int8_t data = -1; if((deviceid >= 0 && deviceid < PCF8574_MAXDEVICES) &&
(pin >= 0 && pin < PCF8574_MAXPINS)) { data = pcf8574_pinstatus[deviceid]; data = (data >> pin) & 0b00000001; } return data; } /* * set output pins */ int8_t pcf8574_setoutput(uint8_t deviceid, uint8_t data) { if((deviceid >= 0 && deviceid < PCF8574_MAXDEVICES)) { pcf8574_pinstatus[deviceid] = data; i2c_start(((PCF8574_ADDRBASE+deviceid)<<1) | I2C_WRITE); i2c_write(data); i2c_stop(); return 0; } return -1; } /* * set output pins, replace actual status of a device from pinstart for pinlength with data */ int8_t pcf8574_setoutputpins(uint8_t deviceid, uint8_t pinstart, uint8_t pinlength, int8_t data) { //example: //actual data is 0b01101110 //want to change --- //pinstart 4 //data 101 (pinlength 3) //result 0b01110110 if((deviceid >= 0 && deviceid < PCF8574_MAXDEVICES) && (pinstart - pinlength + 1 >= 0 && pinstart - pinlength + 1 >= 0 && pinstart < PCF8574_MAXPINS && pinstart > 0 && pinlength > 0)) { uint8_t b = 0; b = pcf8574_pinstatus[deviceid]; uint8_t mask = ((1 << pinlength) - 1) << (pinstart - pinlength + 1); data <<= (pinstart - pinlength + 1); data &= mask; b &= ~(mask); b |= data; pcf8574_pinstatus[deviceid] = b; //update device i2c_start(((PCF8574_ADDRBASE+deviceid)<<1) | I2C_WRITE); i2c_write(b); i2c_stop(); return 0; } return -1; } /* * set output pin */ int8_t pcf8574_setoutputpin(uint8_t deviceid, uint8_t pin, uint8_t data) { if((deviceid >= 0 && deviceid < PCF8574_MAXDEVICES) && (pin >= 0 && pin < PCF8574_MAXPINS)) { uint8_t b = 0; b = pcf8574_pinstatus[deviceid]; b = (data != 0) ? (b | (1 << pin)) : (b & ~(1 << pin)); pcf8574_pinstatus[deviceid] = b; //update device i2c_start(((PCF8574_ADDRBASE+deviceid)<<1) | I2C_WRITE); i2c_write(b); i2c_stop(); return 0; } return -1; } /* * set output pin high */ int8_t pcf8574_setoutputpinhigh(uint8_t deviceid, uint8_t pin) { return pcf8574_setoutputpin(deviceid, pin, 1); } /* * set output pin low */ int8_t pcf8574_setoutputpinlow(uint8_t deviceid, uint8_t pin) { return pcf8574_setoutputpin(deviceid, pin, 0); } /* * get input data */ int8_t pcf8574_getinput(uint8_t deviceid) { int8_t data = -1; if((deviceid >= 0 && deviceid < PCF8574_MAXDEVICES)) { i2c_start(((PCF8574_ADDRBASE+deviceid)<<1) | I2C_READ); data = ~i2c_readNak(); i2c_stop(); } return data; } /* * get input pin (up or low) */ int8_t pcf8574_getinputpin(uint8_t deviceid, uint8_t pin) { int8_t data = -1; if((deviceid >= 0 && deviceid < PCF8574_MAXDEVICES) && (pin >= 0 && pin < PCF8574_MAXPINS)) { data = pcf8574_getinput(deviceid); if(data != -1) { data = (data >> pin) & 0b00000001; } } return data; } static void toggle_e(void); /* ** local functions */ /************************************************************************* delay loop for small accurate delays: 16-bit counter, 4 cycles/loop *************************************************************************/ static inline void _delayFourCycles(unsigned int __count) { if ( __count == 0 ) __asm__ __volatile__( "rjmp 1f\n 1:" ); // 2 cycles else __asm__ __volatile__ ( "1: sbiw %0,1" "\n\t" "brne 1b" // 4 cycles/loop : "=w" (__count) : "0" (__count) ); } /************************************************************************* delay for a minimum of microseconds the number of loops is calculated at compile-time from MCU clock frequency *************************************************************************/ #define delay(us) _delayFourCycles( ( ( 1*(F_CPU/4000) )*us)/1000 ) /* toggle Enable Pin to initiate write */ static void toggle_e(void) { pcf8574_setoutputpinhigh(LCD_PCF8574_DEVICEID, LCD_E_PIN); lcd_e_delay(); pcf8574_setoutputpinlow(LCD_PCF8574_DEVICEID, LCD_E_PIN); } /************************************************************************* Low-level function to write byte to LCD controller Input: data byte to write to LCD rs 1: write data 0: write instruction Returns: none *************************************************************************/ static void lcd_write(uint8_t data,uint8_t rs) { if (rs) /* write data (RS=1, RW=0) */ dataport |= _BV(LCD_RS_PIN); else /* write instruction (RS=0, RW=0) */ dataport &= ~_BV(LCD_RS_PIN); dataport &= ~_BV(LCD_RW_PIN); pcf8574_setoutput(LCD_PCF8574_DEVICEID, dataport); /* output high nibble first */ dataport &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN); dataport &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN); dataport &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN); dataport &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN); if(data & 0x80) dataport |= _BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN); if(data & 0x40) dataport |= _BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN); if(data & 0x20) dataport |= _BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN); if(data & 0x10) dataport |= _BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN); pcf8574_setoutput(LCD_PCF8574_DEVICEID, dataport); lcd_e_toggle(); /* output low nibble */ dataport &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN); dataport &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN); dataport &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN); dataport &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN); if(data & 0x08) dataport |= _BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN); if(data & 0x04) dataport |= _BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN); if(data & 0x02) dataport |= _BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN); if(data & 0x01) dataport |= _BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN); pcf8574_setoutput(LCD_PCF8574_DEVICEID, dataport); lcd_e_toggle(); /* all data pins high (inactive) */ dataport |= _BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN); dataport |= _BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN); dataport |= _BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN); dataport |= _BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN); pcf8574_setoutput(LCD_PCF8574_DEVICEID, dataport); } /************************************************************************* Low-level function to read byte from LCD controller Input: rs 1: read data 0: read busy flag / address counter Returns: byte read from LCD controller *************************************************************************/ static uint8_t lcd_read(uint8_t rs) { uint8_t data; if (rs) /* write data (RS=1, RW=0) */ dataport |= _BV(LCD_RS_PIN); else /* write instruction (RS=0, RW=0) */ dataport &= ~_BV(LCD_RS_PIN); dataport |= _BV(LCD_RW_PIN); pcf8574_setoutput(LCD_PCF8574_DEVICEID, dataport); pcf8574_setoutputpinhigh(LCD_PCF8574_DEVICEID, LCD_E_PIN); lcd_e_delay();
/* read high nibble first */ data = pcf8574_getoutputpin(LCD_PCF8574_DEVICEID, LCD_DATA0_PIN) << 4; pcf8574_setoutputpinlow(LCD_PCF8574_DEVICEID, LCD_E_PIN); lcd_e_delay(); /* Enable 500ns low */ pcf8574_setoutputpinhigh(LCD_PCF8574_DEVICEID, LCD_E_PIN); lcd_e_delay(); /* read low nibble */ data |= pcf8574_getoutputpin(LCD_PCF8574_DEVICEID, LCD_DATA0_PIN) &0x0F; pcf8574_setoutputpinlow(LCD_PCF8574_DEVICEID, LCD_E_PIN); return data; } /************************************************************************* loops while lcd is busy, returns address counter *************************************************************************/ static uint8_t lcd_waitbusy(void) { register uint8_t c; /* wait until busy flag is cleared */ while ( (c=lcd_read(0)) & (1<<LCD_BUSY)) {} /* the address counter is updated 4us after the busy flag is cleared */ delay(2); /* now read the address counter */ return (lcd_read(0)); // return address counter }/* lcd_waitbusy */ /************************************************************************* Move cursor to the start of next line or to the first line if the cursor is already on the last line. *************************************************************************/ static inline void lcd_newline(uint8_t pos) { register uint8_t addressCounter; #if LCD_LINES==1 addressCounter = 0; #endif #if LCD_LINES==2 if ( pos < (LCD_START_LINE2) ) addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE2; else addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE1; #endif #if LCD_LINES==4 if ( pos < LCD_START_LINE3 ) addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE2; else if ( (pos >= LCD_START_LINE2) && (pos < LCD_START_LINE4) ) addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE3; else if ( (pos >= LCD_START_LINE3) && (pos < LCD_START_LINE2) ) addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE4; else addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE1; #endif lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+addressCounter); }/* lcd_newline */ /* ** PUBLIC FUNCTIONS */ /************************************************************************* Send LCD controller instruction command Input: instruction to send to LCD controller, see HD44780 data sheet Returns: none *************************************************************************/ void lcd_command(uint8_t cmd) { lcd_waitbusy(); lcd_write(cmd,0); } /************************************************************************* Send data byte to LCD controller Input: data to send to LCD controller, see HD44780 data sheet Returns: none *************************************************************************/ void lcd_data(uint8_t data) { lcd_waitbusy(); lcd_write(data,1); } /************************************************************************* Set cursor to specified position Input: x horizontal position (0: left most position) y vertical position (0: first line) Returns: none *************************************************************************/ void lcd_gotoxy(uint8_t x, uint8_t y) { #if LCD_LINES==1 lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE1+x); #endif #if LCD_LINES==2 if ( y==0 ) lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE1+x); else lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE2+x); #endif #if LCD_LINES==4 if ( y==0 ) lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE1+x); else if ( y==1) lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE2+x); else if ( y==2) lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE3+x); else /* y==3 */ lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE4+x); #endif }/* lcd_gotoxy */ /************************************************************************* *************************************************************************/ int lcd_getxy(void) { return lcd_waitbusy(); } /************************************************************************* Clear display and set cursor to home position *************************************************************************/ void lcd_clrscr(void) { lcd_command(1<<LCD_CLR); } /************************************************************************* Set illumination pin *************************************************************************/ void lcd_led(uint8_t onoff) { if(onoff) dataport &= ~_BV(LCD_LED_PIN); else dataport |= _BV(LCD_LED_PIN); pcf8574_setoutput(LCD_PCF8574_DEVICEID, dataport); } /************************************************************************* Set cursor to home position *************************************************************************/ void lcd_home(void) { lcd_command(1<<LCD_HOME); } /************************************************************************* Display character at current cursor position Input: character to be displayed Returns: none *************************************************************************/ void lcd_putc(char c) { uint8_t pos; pos = lcd_waitbusy(); // read busy-flag and address counter if (c=='\n') { lcd_newline(pos); } else { #if LCD_WRAP_LINES==1 #if LCD_LINES==1 if ( pos == LCD_START_LINE1+LCD_DISP_LENGTH ) { lcd_write((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE1,0); } #elif LCD_LINES==2 if ( pos == LCD_START_LINE1+LCD_DISP_LENGTH ) { lcd_write((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE2,0); }else if ( pos == LCD_START_LINE2+LCD_DISP_LENGTH ){ lcd_write((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE1,0); } #elif LCD_LINES==4 if ( pos == LCD_START_LINE1+LCD_DISP_LENGTH ) { lcd_write((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE2,0); }else if ( pos == LCD_START_LINE2+LCD_DISP_LENGTH ) { lcd_write((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE3,0); }else if ( pos == LCD_START_LINE3+LCD_DISP_LENGTH ) { lcd_write((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE4,0); }else if ( pos == LCD_START_LINE4+LCD_DISP_LENGTH ) { lcd_write((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE1,0); } #endif lcd_waitbusy(); #endif lcd_write(c, 1); } }/* lcd_putc */ /************************************************************************* Display string without auto linefeed Input: string to be displayed Returns: none *************************************************************************/ void lcd_puts(const char *s) /* print string on lcd (no auto linefeed) */ { register char c; while ( (c = *s++) ) { lcd_putc(c); } }/* lcd_puts */ /************************************************************************* Display string from program memory without auto linefeed Input: string from program memory be be displayed Returns: none *************************************************************************/ void lcd_puts_p(const char *progmem_s) /* print string from program memory on lcd (no auto linefeed) */ { register char c; while ( (c = pgm_read_byte(progmem_s++)) ) { lcd_putc(c); } }/* lcd_puts_p */ /************************************************************************* Initialize display and select type of cursor Input: dispAttr LCD_DISP_OFF display off LCD_DISP_ON display on, cursor off LCD_DISP_ON_CURSOR display on, cursor on LCD_DISP_CURSOR_BLINK display on, cursor on flashing Returns: none *************************************************************************/ void lcd_init(uint8_t dispAttr) { #if LCD_PCF8574_INIT == 1 //init pcf8574 pcf8574_init(); #endif dataport = 0; pcf8574_setoutput(LCD_PCF8574_DEVICEID, dataport); delay(16000); /* wait 16ms or more after power-on */ /* initial write to lcd is 8bit */ dataport |= _BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN); // _BV(LCD_FUNCTION)>>4; dataport |= _BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN); // _BV(LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT)>>4; pcf8574_setoutput(LCD_PCF8574_DEVICEID, dataport); lcd_e_toggle(); delay(4992); /* delay, busy flag can't be checked here */ /* repeat last command */ lcd_e_toggle(); delay(64); /* delay, busy flag can't be checked here */ /* repeat last command a third time */ lcd_e_toggle(); delay(64); /* delay, busy flag can't be checked here */ /* now configure for 4bit mode */ dataport &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN); pcf8574_setoutput(LCD_PCF8574_DEVICEID, dataport); lcd_e_toggle(); delay(64); /* some displays need this additional delay */ /* from now the LCD only accepts 4 bit I/O, we can use lcd_command() */ lcd_command(LCD_FUNCTION_DEFAULT); /* function set: display lines */ lcd_command(LCD_DISP_OFF); /* display off */ lcd_clrscr(); /* display clear */ lcd_command(LCD_MODE_DEFAULT); /* set entry mode */ lcd_command(dispAttr); /* display/cursor control */ }/* lcd_init */ //*********************************************

 

23.03.2020 (dokończyć)


09-lip-2024 19:45:51 CEST
by Pioter




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